Complete TwinShip ontology for digital twins of ships. This is an aggregate ontology that imports the base foundation (twinship-base) plus all domain modules. Use this ontology to get the complete TwinShip conceptual model including vessels and weather. For modular development, import twinship-base and specific modules instead. ## Modeling Approach - Restriction-Based Design The TwinShip ontology follows a restriction-based modeling approach using OWL class restrictions (owl:Restriction with owl:someValuesFrom, etc.) rather than simple rdfs:domain and rdfs:range assertions. This is the recommended OWL engineering practice as it provides: - **Precise Semantics**: Restrictions state that instances of a class CAN have certain properties, without forcing classification - **Avoids Unintended Inferences**: Using rdfs:domain would cause any entity using a property to be automatically classified as a member of the domain class - **Flexible Modeling**: Multiple classes can use the same property with different constraints - **OWL Best Practice**: Aligns with OWL 2 design patterns and enables proper use of reasoners ## Visualization and Documentation Most ontology visualization and documentation tools (WIDOCO, WebVOWL) were designed for RDFS-style ontologies and provide limited support for OWL restriction patterns. They expect simple rdfs:domain and rdfs:range assertions to generate diagrams. To address this limitation while maintaining correct OWL semantics, we maintain two versions: 1. **Source Version** (in model/ folder): Uses proper OWL restrictions - this is the authoritative version for reasoning and semantic operations 2. **Visualization Version** (auto-generated): A simplified version with explicit rdfs:domain/rdfs:range assertions extracted from restrictions, used solely for documentation generation Both versions are kept synchronized through automated scripts. TwinShip Ontology 2025-01-21T00:00:00+00:00 2026-03-03T00:00:00+00:00 0.0.4 Complete TwinShip ontology for digital twins of ships. This is an aggregate ontology that imports the base foundation (twinship-base) plus all domain modules. Use this ontology to get the complete TwinShip conceptual model including vessels and weather. For modular development, import twinship-base and specific modules instead. Modeling Approach Note: The TwinShip ontology follows a restriction-based modeling approach using OWL class restrictions rather than simple rdfs:domain and rdfs:range assertions. This is the recommended OWL engineering practice as it provides precise semantics and avoids unintended inferences that would occur with rdfs:domain (where any entity using a property would automatically be classified as a member of the domain class). Since most documentation and visualization tools (WIDOCO, WebVOWL) provide limited support for rendering OWL restrictions, we maintain two versions: 1. Source Ontology (This File): Uses proper OWL restrictions - this is the authoritative version for reasoning and semantic operations. 2. Visualization Version (Auto-Generated): A simplified version with explicit rdfs:domain/rdfs:range assertions extracted from restrictions, used solely for generating documentation and diagrams. Both versions are kept synchronized through automated scripts. See twinship-base for detailed explanation of this modeling practice. TwinShip Core Ontology (Complete) creator license modified Alternative label for the ontology resource. An alternative lexical label for a resource. http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core altLabel alternative label A notation, such as a code or identifier, used to uniquely identify a concept. notation dateTime double integer string connectedTo Relates two inanimate physical objects that are directly connected. directly connected to directlyConnectedTo partOf Relates a component to the ship or system it is part of. component of Relates an engine or system to the fuel it consumes. consumes Relates a ship or system to a component that is part of it. has component Relates an entity to its owner (typically an Organization). owned by Parent property for all TwinShip-specific object properties. twinship object properties Parent property for all TwinShip-specific datatype properties. All measurement and data properties should be subproperties of this. TwinShip Data Properties Air Lubrication System power in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship ALS power in kW Air Lubrication System power reduction efficiency as a percentage. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship ALS power reduction efficiency percentage Ammonia fuel cell power capacity in kilowatt-hours. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship AMMCELL power capacity in KWh Auxiliary load hotel load power demand in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship AUXLD hotel load power in kW Auxiliary load ship services power demand in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship AUXLD ship services power in kW Diesel Oil mode for auxiliary engine. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship auxiliary DO mode Net fuel consumption rate for auxiliary engine in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship auxiliary fuel rate mass net kg per hr Boiler fuel mode indicator. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship BLR fuel mode Boiler BLR fuel mode for boiler system. Inherits semantics from twBLRFuelMode. twinship boiler BLR fuel mode Boiler Diesel Oil input temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship boiler DO temperature in degrees C Boiler DO temperature return in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship boiler DO temperature return in degrees C Boiler Diesel Oil volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship boiler DO vol in litre per hr Boiler DO volume return in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship boiler DO vol return in litre per hr Boiler emergency Diesel Oil mode. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship boiler emergency DO mode Boiler fuel temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship boiler fuel temp in degrees C Boiler fuel volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship boiler fuel vol litre per hr Indicates if boiler is using Marine Gas Oil. Values: 1 (yes), 0 (no), -1 (unknown). twinship boiler MGO in use Boiler Marine Gas Oil mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship boiler MGO mass in kg per hr Boiler fuel mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship boiler mass in kg per hr Maximum boiler power output in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship boiler power max in kW Maximum boiler motor speed in revolutions per minute. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship boiler speed max in rev per min Bow thruster BLR fuel mode. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship bow thruster BLR fuel mode Bow thruster Diesel Oil input temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship bow thruster DO temperature in degrees C Bow thruster Diesel Oil volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship bow thruster DO vol in litre per hr Bow thruster emergency Diesel Oil mode. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship bow thruster emergency DO mode Bow thruster fuel temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship bow thruster fuel temp in degrees C Bow thruster fuel volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship bow thruster fuel vol litre per hr Indicates if bow thruster is using Marine Gas Oil. Values: 1 (yes), 0 (no), -1 (unknown). twinship bow thruster MGO in use Bow thruster Marine Gas Oil mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship bow thruster MGO mass in kg per hr Bow thruster fuel mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship bow thruster mass in kg per hr Maximum bow thruster power output in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship bow thruster power max in kW Maximum bow thruster motor speed in revolutions per minute. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship bow thruster speed max in rev per min Common Diesel Oil mode across systems. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship common DO mode A code representing the type of bunkered fuel. Common fuel mode indicator across systems. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship common fuel mode Fuel type, coded IMO0654 Composite exhaust gas boiler BLR fuel mode. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship composite exhaust gas boiler BLR fuel mode Composite exhaust gas boiler Diesel Oil input temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship composite exhaust gas boiler DO temperature in degrees C Composite exhaust gas boiler Diesel Oil volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship composite exhaust gas boiler DO vol in litre per hr Composite exhaust gas boiler emergency Diesel Oil mode. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship composite exhaust gas boiler emergency DO mode Composite exhaust gas boiler fuel temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship composite exhaust gas boiler fuel temp in degrees C Composite exhaust gas boiler fuel volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship composite exhaust gas boiler fuel vol litre per hr Indicates if composite exhaust gas boiler is using Marine Gas Oil. Values: 1 (yes), 0 (no), -1 (unknown). twinship composite exhaust gas boiler MGO in use Composite exhaust gas boiler Marine Gas Oil mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship composite exhaust gas boiler MGO mass in kg per hr Composite exhaust gas boiler fuel mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship composite exhaust gas boiler mass in kg per hr Maximum composite exhaust gas boiler power output in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship composite exhaust gas boiler power max in kW Maximum composite exhaust gas boiler motor speed in revolutions per minute. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship composite exhaust gas boiler speed max in rev per min DC bus maximum current. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship DCB max current DC bus maximum voltage. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship DCB max voltage DC bus minimum voltage. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship DCB min voltage DC bus nominal voltage. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship DCB nominal voltage Diesel Oil mode indicator. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship DO mode Diesel Oil temperature input in degrees Celsius. See also twDOTemperatureRetInDegC for return temperature. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship DO temperature in degrees C Diesel Oil volume input flow in litres per hour. See also twDOVolRetInLitrePerHr for return volume. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship DO vol in litre per hr Dynamic Wing power in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship DW power in kW Dynamic Wing power reduction efficiency as a percentage. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship DW power reduction efficiency percentage Maximum diesel engine power output in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship diesel engine power max in kW Diesel engine rotational speed in revolutions per minute. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship diesel engine speed in rev per min Maximum vessel displacement in metric tons. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship displacement max in MT Electric motor power capacity in megawatt-hours. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship EM power in MWh Electric motor shaft rotational speed in revolutions per minute. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship EMSH speed in rev per min Electric motor shaft torque in kilonewtons. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship EMSH torque in kN Energy Storage System C-rate (charge/discharge rate relative to capacity). Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship ESS C-rate Energy Storage System total capacity in megawatt-hours. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship ESS capacity in MWh Energy Storage System rated cycle life (number of charge/discharge cycles). Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship ESS cycle life Energy Storage System maximum depth of discharge as a percentage. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship ESS depth of discharge percentage Energy Storage System total volume in cubic metres. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship ESS volume in m3 Energy Storage System total weight in kilograms. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship ESS weight in kg Electrical efficiency as a percentage. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship electrical efficiency percentage Emergency Diesel Oil mode flag. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship emergency DO mode Emergency diesel generator BLR fuel mode. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship emergency diesel generator BLR fuel mode Emergency diesel generator Diesel Oil input temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship emergency diesel generator DO temperature in degrees C Emergency diesel generator Diesel Oil volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship emergency diesel generator DO vol in litre per hr Emergency diesel generator emergency Diesel Oil mode. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship emergency diesel generator emergency DO mode Emergency diesel generator fuel temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship emergency diesel generator fuel temp in degrees C Emergency diesel generator fuel volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship emergency diesel generator fuel vol litre per hr Indicates if emergency diesel generator is using Marine Gas Oil. Values: 1 (yes), 0 (no), -1 (unknown). twinship emergency diesel generator MGO in use Emergency diesel generator Marine Gas Oil mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship emergency diesel generator MGO mass in kg per hr Emergency diesel generator fuel mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship emergency diesel generator mass in kg per hr Maximum emergency diesel generator power output in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship emergency diesel generator power max in kW Maximum emergency diesel generator speed in revolutions per minute. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship emergency diesel generator speed max in rev per min Emergency mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship emergency mass in kg per hr Emergency mass return flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship emergency mass return in kg per hr Frequency converter output frequency in hertz. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship FC frequency in Hz Frequency converter voltage in volts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship FC voltage in volts Maximum flow rate in kilograms per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship flowrate max in kg per hr The maximum pumping rate of the fuel being supplied by the bunker barge. Measurement is cubic meters per hour, or metric tonne per hour. (Numeric field, integer). Fuel consumption rate in metric tons per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship fuel consumption rate in MT per hr Fuel bunker pumping rate IMO0790 Fuel consumed by Main Engine, measured in metric tons since last reporting. Total fuel consumption in metric tons. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship fuel consumption total in MT Fuel consumed, by Main Engine IMO0670 Density of fuel at 15 degrees Celsius, measured in metric tons per cubic meter. Fuel density at 15 degrees Celsius in kilograms per litre. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship fuel density grav 15C kg per litre Fuel, density IMO0659 Methane (CH4) emission factor in grams per kilogram of fuel. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship fuel emission factor CH4 in g per kg of fuel Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission factor in grams per kilogram of fuel. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship fuel emission factor CO2 in g per kg of fuel Nitrous oxide (N2O) emission factor in grams per kilogram of fuel. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship fuel emission factor N2O in g per kg of fuel Maximum fuel flow temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship fuel flow temperature max in degrees C Fuel Lower Heating Value in kilojoules per kilogram. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship fuel LHV kJ per kg Fuel sulphur content as a percentage. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship fuel sulphur percentage Fuel temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship fuel temp in degrees C Fuel volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship fuel vol litre per hr Gate Rudder System power in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship GRS power in kW Gate Rudder System power reduction efficiency as a percentage. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship GRS power reduction efficiency percentage Gearbox efficiency. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship gearbox efficiency Gearbox gear ratio as a string (e.g., '3.5:1'). Value '-1' indicates unknown. twinship gearbox ratio Indicates if gearbox has shaft generator. Values: 1 (yes), 0 (no), -1 (unknown). twinship gearbox shaft generator Generator output frequency. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship generator frequency The measure of the production of a generator not used for propulsion, in kilowatt hours since last reporting. Maximum generator power output in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship generator power max in kW Generator production IMO0647 Generator rotational speed in revolutions per minute. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship generator speed in rev per min Generator output voltage in volts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship generator voltage in V The pressure of the air supplied to the main engine for combustion or other purposes, measured at the designated point in the air system. Maximum inlet air pressure in hectopascals. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship inlet air pressure max in hPa Main Engine Air Pressure ME_AIR_PRS The measure of air temperature in degrees Celsius at ship location. Inlet air temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship inlet air temperature in degrees C Air temperature IMO0628 Maximum inlet air temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship inlet air temperature max in degrees C Maximum LT cooling seawater 1 temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship LT cooling seawater 1 temperature max in degrees C Maximum LT cooling seawater 2 temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship LT cooling seawater 2 temperature max in degrees C Maximum low-temperature cooling seawater temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship LT cooling seawater temperature max in degrees C Indicates if Marine Gas Oil is in use. Values: 1 (yes), 0 (no), -1 (unknown). twinship MGO in use Marine Gas Oil mass flow in kilograms per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship MGO mass in kg per hr The temperature of the cooling water circulating through the main engine, measured at the designated point in the cooling system. Main engine cooling water temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship ME cooling water temperature in degrees C Main Engine Cooling Water Temperature ME_CW_TEMP Maximum main engine cooling water temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship ME cooling water temperature max in degrees C On Shore Power capacity in kilowatt-hours. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship OSP power in KWh On Shore Power connection time in hours. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship OSP time in hours Maximum power output in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship power max in kW Total propulsion power in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship power propulsion total in kW Maximum pressure in hectopascals. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship pressure max in hPa Number of propeller blades. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship propeller blades Propeller diameter in millimetres. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship propeller diameter mm Propeller efficiency (0-1 ratio). Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship propeller efficiency Propeller expanded area ratio as a percentage. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship propeller expanded area ratio percentage Propeller hub diameter ratio (hub diameter / propeller diameter). Typical values around 0.16-0.20. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship propeller hub ratio Propeller pitch to diameter ratio. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship propeller pitch diameter ratio Maximum propeller pitch as a percentage of design pitch. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship propeller pitch max in percentage Propeller skew angle in degrees. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship propeller skew angle degree Rudder angle in degrees. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship rudder angle degree SCR catalyst volume in cubic metres. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship SCR catalyst volume in m3 SCR exhaust gas flowrate in kilograms per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship SCR exhaust gas flowrate in kg per hr SCR NOx reduction efficiency. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship SCR NO reduction efficiency SCR operating temperature in degrees centigrade. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship SCR op temp centigrade The temperature of the scavenger air in the air receiver of the main engine, measured at the designated point in the scavenger air system. Acavenger air receiver temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship scavenger air rec temperature in degrees C Main Engine Scavenger Air Receiver Temperature ME_SCAV_AIR_TEMP Maximum scavenger air receiver temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship scavenger air rec temperature max in degrees C Shaft generator BLR fuel mode. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship shaft generator BLR fuel mode Shaft generator Diesel Oil input temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship shaft generator DO temperature in degrees C Shaft generator Diesel Oil volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship shaft generator DO vol in litre per hr Shaft generator emergency Diesel Oil mode. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship shaft generator emergency DO mode The temperature of the fuel bunkers in the bunker tanker / supplying barge. Measured in degree Celsius. (Numeric value with two decimals). Shaft generator fuel temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship shaft generator fuel temp in degrees C Fuel bunker temperature IMO0788 Shaft generator fuel volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship shaft generator fuel vol litre per hr Indicates if shaft generator is using Marine Gas Oil. Values: 1 (yes), 0 (no), -1 (unknown). twinship shaft generator MGO in use Shaft generator Marine Gas Oil mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship shaft generator MGO mass in kg per hr Shaft generator fuel mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship shaft generator mass in kg per hr Maximum shaft generator power output in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship shaft generator power max in kW Maximum shaft generator speed in revolutions per minute. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship shaft generator speed max in rev per min The actual power delivered by the main engine to the propulsion shaft, measured at the output flange of the engine. Maximum shaft power in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship shaft power max in kW Main Engine Shaft Power ME_SHFT_PWR The average of each propeller(s) speed measured in Revolutions Per Minute (RPM). Maximum shaft rotational speed in revolutions per minute. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship shaft speed max in rev per min Speed propeller IMO0617 The torque transmitted by the main engine to the propulsion shaft, measured at the output flange of the engine. <https://www.iso.org/> Maximum shaft torque in kilonewton-metres. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship shaft torque max in kNm Main Engine Shaft Torque ME_SHFT_TOR Maximum rotational speed in revolutions per minute. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship speed max in rev per min Stern thruster BLR fuel mode. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship stern thruster BLR fuel mode Stern thruster Diesel Oil input temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship stern thruster DO temperature in degrees C Stern thruster Diesel Oil volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship stern thruster DO vol in litre per hr Stern thruster emergency Diesel Oil mode. Values: 1 (active), 0 (inactive), -1 (unknown). twinship stern thruster emergency DO mode Stern thruster fuel temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship stern thruster fuel temp in degrees C Stern thruster fuel volume flow in litres per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship stern thruster fuel vol litre per hr Indicates if stern thruster is using Marine Gas Oil. Values: 1 (yes), 0 (no), -1 (unknown). twinship stern thruster MGO in use Stern thruster Marine Gas Oil mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship stern thruster MGO mass in kg per hr Stern thruster fuel mass flow in kg per hour. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship stern thruster mass in kg per hr Maximum stern thruster power output in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship stern thruster power max in kW Maximum stern thruster motor speed in revolutions per minute. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship stern thruster speed max in rev per min Maximum temperature in degrees Celsius. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship temperature max in degrees C Maximum torque in kilonewton-metres. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship torque max in kNm Maximum depth of water under the vessel in metres. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship vessel depth of water max in m Maximum vessel draft at the aft in metres. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship vessel draft aft max in m Maximum vessel draft at the fore in metres. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship vessel draft for max in m Maximum vessel draft at midship port side in metres. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship vessel draft mid port max in m Maximum vessel draft at midship starboard side in metres. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship vessel draft mid stbd max in m Wind Assisted Propulsion System power in kilowatts. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship WASP power in kW Wind Assisted Propulsion System power reduction efficiency as a percentage. Value -1 indicates unknown. twinship WASP power reduction efficiency percentage InanimatePhysicalObject Organization A system is a complex of functional parts working together. Each part contributes to the realisation of the system's function (though not necessarily every part in every performance of the system). System Classifies an electrical system or component as using alternating current (AC). Alternating Current Auxiliary electrical loads including ship services and hotel load. Represents the non-propulsion electrical demand on the power management system. Auxiliary Load Reduces hull friction by creating a layer of air bubbles under the hull, improving fuel efficiency. Air Lubrication System Auxiliary engine system for power generation. Typically diesel engines, so individuals are often typed as both AuxiliaryEngineSystem and DieselEngine. Auxiliary Engine System DC bus bidirectional converter that converts between AC and DC power, enabling charging and discharging of energy storage systems through the main switchboard. Bidirectional Converter System A vessel's boiler system for generating steam. Boiler Classifies a thruster or maneuvering device as bow-mounted. Bow A dedicated bow thruster for vessel maneuvering. Uses existing bow thruster datatype properties. Bow Thruster Controllable Pitch Propeller - a propeller where the blade pitch can be adjusted while rotating to optimize thrust and efficiency. Controllable Pitch Propeller Classifies an electrical system or component as using direct current (DC). Direct Current Classifies a diesel-electric propulsion configuration where engines drive generators to produce electricity, which then powers electric motors for propulsion. Counterpart to MechanicalConfiguration for conventional direct-drive or geared propulsion. Diesel-Electric Configuration A diesel-powered internal combustion engine. Diesel Engine A direct drive mechanism where the engine is directly coupled to the propeller shaft without a reduction gearbox. Direct Drive Active aerodynamic or hydrodynamic drag reduction device for improving vessel efficiency. Dynamic Wing Classifies a component as an energy storage device, capable of storing and releasing electrical energy. Energy Storage Device Base class for systems that improve vessel efficiency without generating primary propulsion power. Includes wind-assisted propulsion, air lubrication, and aerodynamic/hydrodynamic devices. Efficiency Enhancement System The propulsion shaft connecting an electric motor to a propeller. Carries shaft speed and torque properties. Electric Motor Shaft AC electric motor that drives a propeller via a shaft. The diesel-electric equivalent of MainEngineSystem in the propulsion chain. Electric Motor System Equipment designated for emergency use. Emergency Equipment Classifies a component as an emissions reduction system (e.g., SCR, scrubbers, carbon capture). Emission Reduction Battery or hybrid energy storage providing peak power, backup, and load balancing for diesel-electric vessels. Connected to the main switchboard via a bidirectional converter. Energy Storage System A system that manages or distributes energy on a vessel (e.g., PMS, shaft generators, electrical distribution). Energy System A machine that converts energy into mechanical motion. Engine System Fixed Pitch Propeller - a propeller with blades permanently set at a fixed angle. Fixed Pitch Propeller A collection of ships operated by the same organization. Fleet A four-stroke internal combustion engine. Four Stroke Converts DC/AC electrical power to the frequency needed by electric motors in a diesel-electric propulsion system. Frequency Converter System Fuel type (e.g., HFO, MGO, MDO). Defined as individuals to allow engines and components to reference specific fuel types via the consume property. Fuel Fuel cell system for supplementary or backup power generation. Converts chemical energy from fuel (e.g., ammonia, hydrogen) directly into electrical energy. Fuel Cell System A combined rudder and propulsion enhancement device. Unlike traditional rudders, gate rudders provide both steering and thrust augmentation. Gate Rudder A mechanical device for transmitting and modifying rotational motion. Subclasses include DirectDrive, Reduction, SingleSpeed, and TISO (Twin-In Single-Out). Gearbox System An integrated engine and generator unit that produces electrical power. The diesel-electric equivalent of MainEngineSystem — its primary purpose is electrical energy production rather than mechanical propulsion. Subclass of EngineSystem because it is physically a diesel engine that consumes fuel and has combustion/shaft properties. Generator Set System Classifies a load as hotel load (HVAC, lighting, galley, passenger comfort systems, etc.). Hotel Load Main propulsion engine system. Includes shaft-related properties (power, torque, speed) as the main engine drives the propeller shaft. Main Engine System Equipment used for vessel maneuvering, such as bow and stern thrusters. Maneuvering Classifies the mechanical configuration or arrangement of an engine (e.g., inline, V-type, opposed). Used alongside stroke type classifications. Mechanical Configuration Shore power connection for zero-emission port operations. Allows a vessel to receive electrical power from the shore grid. On Shore Power An organized group of people with a particular purpose, such as a shipping company or vessel operator. Organization Power Take-Off - a component or system that derives power from the main propulsion system. Power Take-Off Power Management System - manages electrical power distribution on a vessel. PMS A rotating device with blades that converts rotational motion into thrust. Subclasses: CPP (Controllable Pitch Propeller) and FPP (Fixed Pitch Propeller). Propeller System A shaft generator connected to a reduction gearbox via power take-off (PTO). Generates electrical power from the main propulsion system. Reduction Gearbox Shaft Generator A reduction gearbox that reduces input speed to output speed. Reduction Roll-on/Roll-off Passenger vessel - a ferry that carries both vehicles and passengers. Roll-on/Roll-off PAXengers Roll-on/Roll-off vessel - a cargo ship designed to carry wheeled cargo that is driven on and off the ship. Roll-on/Roll-off Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system for NOx emissions reduction using a catalytic process. Selective Catalytic Reduction A generator that derives power from the propulsion shaft. Subclass RGShaftGenerator is connected via reduction gearbox with PTO (Power Take-Off). Shaft Generator System Classifies a load as ship services (navigation, machinery support, safety systems, etc.). Ship Services A single-speed gearbox with a fixed gear ratio. Single Speed Classifies a wind-assisted propulsion system as a suction sail (Flettner rotor or similar technology). Suction Sail Twin-In Single-Out gearbox - combines power from two engines to a single output shaft. TISO A vessel designed for transporting liquid cargo in bulk, such as oil, chemicals, or liquefied gas. Tanker Base class for all physical objects in the TwinShip ontology. Subclass of IDO InanimatePhysicalObject. All vessel systems, components, and physical entities extend this class. TwinShip Inanimate Physical Object Base class for all organizations in the TwinShip ontology. Subclass of IDO Organization. TwinShip Organization Base class for all systems in the TwinShip ontology. Subclass of IDO System. TwinShip System A two-stroke internal combustion engine. Two Stroke A maritime vessel. Vessel System Wind-assisted propulsion system (WASP) such as suction sails or rotor sails that harness wind energy to supplement vessel propulsion. Wind Assisted Propulsion System 18600.0 Ammonia fuel. A zero-carbon fuel option for maritime applications. Ammonia 40000.0 Bio-diesel / Bio-fuel. A renewable fuel alternative for maritime applications. Bio-fuel description title The date and time when the resource was created. created on The date and time when the resource was last updated. last updated on lastUpdateOn The version identifier of the resource. version